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sambeawesome — Tutorial: Shading w Hue, Saturation, + Brightness
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Published: 2017-11-09 16:00:03 +0000 UTC; Views: 4136; Favourites: 162; Downloads: 0
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Description
FULL VIDEO TUTORIAL(13:44 long)
In this tutorial, I cover three different ways to shade your artworks using a mix of hue, saturation, and brightness! These methods work for ANY MEDIUM, I just used digital to explain it.
*Note: Little error in the video. "Value" is supposed to be "Brightness", sorry!
If you found this, or any other tutorial, helpful, please spread the word and share them with your friends x3 That really helps me out and I'd super appreciate it!
Additional content: www.patreon.com/sambeawesome/ (will have the lineart to color and a time lapse video of me drawing Lioh up soon!)
Fundamentals of art: bit.ly/artfundamentals1
Five mistakes artists make: bit.ly/5mistakesartistsmake
See all my video tutorials here
Thanks for lookin'!
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Comments: 21
My two cents to the pot:
Art has no rules, but scientific light theories does :b
Something I went back to when scratching my head with shading a year ago. Understanding light theory explains everything you need to know about shading, all that's left is knowing how to apply it in your art tool. I didnt study any of it in english so I had to figure out what hue and saturation was -.-
The appeal of the shading relates to how it is perceived naturally in nature. This I find it the basis of all art and knowing how to fake it or apply it helps a lot with art.
Why shading with grey appears unappealing to the eye as it appears during very low light conditions. For exmaple the face to the far right would fit more if they were standing near a light source during night time or corridor in a "cool" lighting area. While the face to the right during daytime, as there's a lot of light with strong colours. The sun adds a tint of yellow to everything outside. Grey would fit maybe in door conditions while pure white would be flourescent light.
Light is photons which hits objects and bounces around. You can only observe an object if it's light is reflected into your eyes. Hence you won't see an object that exists but reflects no light, you'll observe an anomoly in the space it occupies.
With that out of the way the ...
Light is photons and frequencies. Reflected, deflected, refracted, etc
The brighter the light the more photons are reflected and the more the colour appears on the object in the light.
The reflected light combines with the frequency of light (colour of light) the object reflects the most and gives you the reflected frequencies of photns which is perceived as the object's "colour".
Why you would see some objects with tints based on the colour of the light hitting it. It's apparent on all objects, but just more perceived on smooth surfaces like shiny metallic surfaces.
What this means is that different materials/objects absorbs certain frequencies of light while reflecting others. Light hitting objects can also have more photons of a certain frequency (coloured light). So the object's colour appears as the frequencies it absorbs and reflects and whether those photons reaches your eye.
Pitch black is when no light is reflected while all the frequencies of light combined is pure white light. Pure white light is very rare in nature, which is why it seems so artificial to the eye when you shade with white. Shading with grey during bright light situations hence also seems unrealistic to the eye, why people say it's a bad idea to shade with.
So as you said, your shading depends on your lighting situations.
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So this is what I learned and might help other people:
*When there's a lot of light the overall character tends to appear more colourful. (Light from 360 angles)
*When there's very little light the overall character appears less strong coloured and leans more to the grey area. (Light from 360 angles)
*Smaller shadow spots/shading makes it appear as if the character is standing in a well lit area. (light 360 angles)
*Smaller light spots/shading makes the light seems more dim, making it appear as if it's in a darker less lit area with few light sources. (more directional light source)
*Strong contrast between the light and shadow areas indicates a very strong light source and is ussually directional.
e.g. if you look at some comics or anime where the shading is pitch black and the rest base colour only. Implying there's a strong directional light source. Most of the time it's just to make the characters features stand out more, but in anime it's ussually when it's a very dark area with a directional light source.
*During day time in the sun objects have a yellow tint while it's the brightest on the areas in direct sunlight. The sunlight bounces of objects in the surrounding area and hits objects from other angles as well. So giving a very very slight yellow tint to things in the open outside sun during a sunny day can make it look more appealing
*Same with all other light. Reflects and bounces around so your drawing would benefit from tinting towards the strongest light source that fills the area the obejcts you have drawn occupies.
*During night time you can give your overall character a more grey sometimes black tint on the darkest shadow areas (blue and purple used a lot in anime). Lower light condition absent the sun makes everything revert back to the pitch black colour, which is the world in utter darknest how it is without light.
So desaturation with darker colours helps a lot in very dark or nightime situations.
Look at nightclub scenes/images. You can see the contrast between very bright light and dark shadows created by bunched up people blocking a lot of the light. Or the crowds at musical performances during nightime.
*When your colour and shaded image is done you can go over some areas with a soft air brush to bring out the lighting more. Go over the light areas with the colour of the reflected light very very very lightly, almost to the point where you can't notice it. Same with the shadows. Like in the armpit or very closed/covered areas. Go over them with the airbrush set to black also very very very lightly, the creases can have some more tint though.
From artistic point of view:
Be careful though, light works really well with the airbrush as the airbrush creates a kind of buzz around the parts, really good for very bright surfaces where light hits the strongest. Darknesss appears to be more pushed away by the light so it's more contracted in the shadow parts so other brushes might be better suited that keeps the darkness constrained to the their borders.
Trust me, when your done, even if you can see the minute diffrences something just feels more appealing in the image.
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The point I tried to make is if you just read up on light theory you would automatically start to understand everything about shading and how to make simple drawings look more appealing. I apply this to cartoon drawings, doesn't have to be realistic art.
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Oh for sure, I simplified this a LOT, haha. I appreciate the detailed explanation though 
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Any search engine. Unless you want to go to the library and search book for book. Most of this stuff you will find in high school books.
You don't have to read a lot. It's not that much you need to know. Just the principles. I know they always start of by showing you that prism with white light entering the one face and then getting refracted out the other splitting the white light up into the different frequencies of light.
I think the best palce to start is reading about light reflection, refraction and diffraction. I'm not sure if they still use the same theories. But I know they use the particle and wave theories for light. That's why they use water simulations of waves and ripples sometimes to get you to better understand light. As it bounces around a lot.
Light is still one of those strange things to explain as I remember they argued a lot whether it conforms best to particle or wave theories. So they use both to explain some of light's strange phenomonons.
Understanding reflection, refraction and diffraction will alow you to spice up your drawing with little details that just makes it appear more life like.
Another thing if I remember correctly is your eyes. When you exit your house on a sunny day you will be almost blinded as your eyes need to adjust to the light (your eye muscles, in the iris, contracts or retracts to control the amount of light entering the eye.). When you go back inside you will notice sundenly you struggle to see even though the room was perfectly visible just a moment ago (my kitchen is a very dim place and the backdoor is there).
So the idea I'm getting at is when you focus on a bright light or object then sometimes your peripheral vision darkens because your eyes are adjusting so that you don't burn out your cornias when looking at something very bright.
Why am I telling you this you might ask about now? Well because if you want to focus the beholders view to a specific very bright point in your drawing then it might help to know this because you can imitate this effect slightly (blur helps a lot as well).
This is best for when you want to imitate looking through someone else's eyes as the main focus of your art piece.
This can also be observed if you look at bright light shafts in a dark area. The area will appear darker while your eyes lets in less light when you focus on the light shaft. This is why they say watching a screen in a dark room is bad for your eyes. You are wearing your eyes out with the constant adjustments to light and dark.
It's just when you understand why light behaves the way it does and you can process light hitting a 3d object in your brain then you're good to go. Takes some practice, but the more you do it the better and faster you get at it.
When you understand the theory behind light everything will just start to fall into place what you learned in art. After that you only have to look at how other artists use their tools to get the lighting effects you want. So you don't need to know anymore so much of why they do it, but how they acomplish the effects with their tools. Bu it helps to keep your knowledge sharp for things you missed.
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On another note.
Here's some of the first videos I watched when I wanted to learn how digital art works:
(The videos really open up your eyes to what you can acomplish with blending modes and how you can use it to imitate all kinds of lighting effects.)
Krita tutorial: Understanding Krita's blending modes
www.youtube.com/watch?v=3korE3…
Painting with Blending-modes (at the 7 minutes mark it shows how to simulate light passing through thin objects, like wings)
www.youtube.com/watch?v=AybFWV…
I almost never shade with colours. Only with blending modes after I applied a base colour. So knowing how each blending mode works will help you to tackle all sorts of shading by only adjusting the strength of the brush.
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I just didn't know if you had any favorite resources xD But yes, I can Google, haha.
Thanks for all the info though! 
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A very interesting tutorial, I gave it a Thumbs Up on YouTube!
I do things a bit differently, I lay over Black and White secondary layers, then adjust the blend mode of each layer to give the shade or shine I require, and adjust the opacity accordingly. For example, I could have the black layer(s) set to Soft Light, with a opacity of say, 75% and the white set to Overlay and 90% opacity, or even just leave at 100%. I apologise if this seems like a plug, but my piece 'Fly or Fight' shows this option of shading quite well, as the black and white layers are set to different Blend Mode's and opacities, depending on the type of material the components of the picture are supposed to represent (metal, cloth, fur, hair, etc).
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Aw thank you!
I've done similarly, I know what you're talking about
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Indeed it is nice and easy, does have some problems, but it sure does look good when done right
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Thank you so much for this! I cannot shade for the life of me!
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I hope this helps you! Keep practicing, you can do it!
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COPIED FROM YOUTUBE:
I've pretty much mastered my own methods of shading. I have my own techniques to achieving the kind of shading I want to accomplish, depending on how "special" the deviation is. I live by no real exact rules, only as long as the final results are still impressive.
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Hope you find it helpful!
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